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Cloning and Expression Analysis of Cysteine Oxidase Gene in Peanut
TANG Wei;ZHU Zhenquan;RAN Haixia;SHI Guohui;TAN Yinyan;LIU Xing;Research on plant oxygen-sensing mechanisms has demonstrated that cysteine oxidase genes(PCOs) serve as critical oxygen sensors, modulating oxygen-responsive signaling pathways to support the normal growth and development of plant under stress conditions, thereby conferring a significant survival advantage. The coding sequence(CDS) of the peanut AhPCO gene was successfully cloned in this study, which spans 843 bp and encodes a protein consisting of 281 amino acids with a theoretical isoelectric point(pI) of 6.06. The protein exhibits hydrophilicity, instability, and lack of signal peptide, and is primarily localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close evolutionary relationship between the AhPCO protein and AtPCO1 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Analysis of the AhPCO promoter region suggested that the transcription may be induced by abscisic acid(ABA) and anaerobic conditions. The qPCR results showed that AhPCO exhibits tissue-specific expression, with the expression levels in different peanut tissues as the following order: seed > stem > root > leaf > flower. Stress treatment experiments showed that, compared with the control group, AhPCO expression was significantly upregulated after 2 h of high-temperature treatment and 12 h of salt stress. In contrast, AhPCO expression decreased significantly after 15 d of drought stress, and increased sharply while following 1 d of rehydration. Although the expression gradually declined over the subsequent 2 to 4 d, it remained higher than that in the control. The AhPCO gene is significantly regulated by various abiotic stresses, including high temperature, salinity, drought, and rehydration, and exhibits tissue-specific expression patterns. It may play a crucial regulatory role in the stress response and recovery processes of peanuts under environmental stress conditions. This study lays a theoretical foundation for elucidating the function of AhPCO gene and provides potential genetic resources for breeding stress-tolerant, high-quality peanut varieties.
Transcriptomic Analysis of RNAi-Mediated Silencing of the Neuropeptide F Gene in Holotrichia parallela
CHEN Yang;TIAN Dongdong;WEI Xuanling;QU Mingjing;DU long;LI Xiao;YAO Yongsheng;Neuropeptide F(NPF), a type of neuropeptide specific to invertebrates, plays a crucial role in insect growth, development, physiological activities, and behavior. However, its biological function in Holotrichia parallela, a major subterranean pest of peanut, remains unclear. In this study, RNA interference(RNAi) was used to silence the NPF gene in adult H. parallela, and comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed to investigate the gene expression changes in the head and antennal tissues. The results showed that NPF expression was significantly suppressed after 72 h post-NPF interference, achieving a silencing efficiency of 73.24%. Based on the transcriptome data, a total of 677 and 805 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were identified in the head and antenna, respectively. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways related to immune response, metabolic processes, and other biological functions. Specifically, NPF knockdown led to the downregulation of several key genes in the Toll and Imd signaling pathway, suggesting a potential role for NPF as a positive regulator of innate immunity in insects. Meanwhile, significant changes were observed in the expression of genes related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, supporting the involvement of NPF in energy homeostasis. In addition, differential expression was detected in the antennal genes mapping to the sensory system pathway, implying that NPF may also plays a role in the regulation of chemosensation and olfaction. In conclusion, the multiple roles of NPF in the physiological regulation of H. parallela from a transcriptomic perspective was elucidated in this study, providing a theoretical basis for exploring the regulatory mechanisms of this neuropeptide in coleopteran pests and for developing sustainable pest control strategies.
Peanut Reticulation Segmentation and Variety Identification Based on U-Net
GONG Xiuyi;ZONG Ziyan;FU Huayu;ZHANG He;JI Xiang;ZHU Chunyu;WANG Cong;ZHAO Yanshen;HAN Zhongzhi;Peanut is an important oilseed crop in China, with significant differences among varieties in growth characteristics, yield potential, and stress resistance. The reticulation pattern on peanut pods, characterized by distinct varietal specificity in morphology, density, and distribution, serves as a key phenotypic indicator for DUS testing. However, existing studies have underutilized this trait. To address this, a U-Net based framework for peanut reticulation segmentation and multimodal feature fusion for variety identification was proposed. The U-Net model achieved outstanding performance in segmenting reticulation patterns through 13 peanut varieties, with a mean intersection over union of 75.9% and accuracy of 89.2%, significantly surpassing existing baseline models. Furthermore, 16 PCA-reduced reticulation features were combined with morphological and color features to construct a multimodal dataset. Using the support vector machine classifier, the framework achieved a classification accuracy of 90.15%, representing 4.4% improvement over combinations of texture, morphology, and color features. This study is the first to confirm the validity of peanut reticulation as a DUS testing trait, overcoming limitations of traditional morphological analysis. The proposed method provides an interpretable approach for peanut phenomics research and holds significant value for advancing precision breeding and germplasm conservation.
Effects of Side Deep Application of Slow-Release Fertilizer on Peanut Yield and Nutrient Utilization
ZHANG Chen;HAN Depeng;LI Yazhen;XIONG Bin;XIONG Wen;CHENG Yewei;RAO Wenping;CHEN Ronghua;CHEN Ming;ZHENG Wei;Fuzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center;Ganzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences;To investigate the effects of different fertilization treatments on peanut yield and nutrient utilization, five treatment groups were established in this study as CK(no fertilizer), T1(conventional compound fertilizer, surface broadcasting; 450 kg/ha basal + 150 kg/ha topdressing), T2(conventional compound fertilizer, side deep application at 10 cm; 450 kg/ha basal + 150 kg/ha topdressing), T3(peanut-specific slow-release fertilizer, surface broadcasting; 450 kg/ha), and T4(peanut-specific slow-release fertilizer, side deep application at 10 cm; 450 kg/ha). Growth traits, yield and its components, dry matter mass, and whole-plant nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), and potassium(K) contents were measured. Additionally, peanut nutrient accumulation and allocation rates, as well as agronomic efficiency were calculated. The results indicated that all fertilization treatments significantly promoted peanut growth, increased yield, and improved agronomic efficiency. Compared to conventional compound fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer significantly enhanced peanut yield and related traits. T4 achieved the highest yield(5,730 kg/ha), followed by T3(5,574.67 kg/ha). Compared to surface broadcasting, side deep application significantly increased dry matter accumulation, N/P/K uptake, and agronomic efficiency. Among the four fertilization treatments, T4 exhibited significantly higher growth traits, yield and related traits, nutrient accumulation and allocation rates, and agronomic efficiency than the other treatment groups. Therefore, the side deep application of 450 kg/ha peanut-specific slow-release fertilizer can synergistically improve peanut yield and nutrient use efficiency.
Effects of Calcium Application on Accumulation and Translocation of Dry Matter, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Peanuts
LIANG Zhaojun;YANG Lijian;ZHANG Guangcai;LI Jing;ZHAO Yafei;SI Tong;ZHANG Xiaojun;YU Xiaona;ZOU Xiaoxia;To elucidate the effects of calcium(Ca) application on the accumulation and translocation of dry matter, nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), and potassium(K) in peanuts, a field experiment was conducted using two peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars with contrasting sensitivity to calcium: Huayu22(Ca-sensitive) and L-2010(Ca-insensitive). Three calcium(CaO) application rates were treated as 0(T0), 150(T1), and 300 kg/ha(T2), and to quantify the effects of Ca input on pre-flowering translocation, post-flowering accumulation, and its contribution rate to the dry matter accumulation of pods and nutrient elements of N, P, and K, thereby providing a theoretical basis for optimizing Ca fertilization strategies to improve peanut yield and quality. The results indicated that, about the Ca-sensitive cultivar Huayu22, T1 treatment significantly increased the accumulation of N, P, and K at the flowering stage compared to the treatments of T0 and T2, with increases ranging from 26.7% to 57.1% and 26.7% to 37.4%, respectively. At maturity, the accumulation of N, P, and K in pods exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease with increasing Ca application, with all indicators performed best under T1 treatment. The translocation amounts of pre-flowering dry matter, N, P, and K under T1 treatment were significantly higher than those under T0 treatment, with the improvements ranging from 8.9% to 50.0%. The contribution rates of post-flowering dry matter and K accumulation to pod initially decreased and then increased with increasing Ca levels, with all indicators performing best under the T1 treatment. T1 treatment significantly enhanced 100-pod mass, 100-kernel mass, plump pod rate, kernel-fruit ratio and plant yield by 3.1% to 34.3% comparing to T0 treatment. About the Ca-insensitive cultivar L-2010, the T1 treatment significantly enhanced the N, P, and K accumulation at the flowering stage ranged from 6.1% to 23.4% comparing to the T0 treatment. The translocation of pre-flowering dry matter, N, P, and K under the T1 treatment was significantly greater than that under the T0 treatment, with respective increases of 50.4%, 51.1%, 25.7%, and 49.5%. The translocation rates of pre-flowering dry matter, N, and P also showed an initial increase followed by a decrease with increasing Ca application, with optimal values observed under the T1 treatment. In contrast, the post-flowering accumulation of N and K under the T1 treatment was significantly reduced by 37.7% and 33.3%, respectively, comparing with the T0 treatment. In conclusion, the application of 150 kg/ha CaO significantly improved the accumulation and translocation of dry matter, N, P, and K in peanuts, particularly in the Ca-sensitive cultivar, and increased peanut yield. Therefore, 150 kg/ha is recommended as the optimal Ca application rate for enhancing the peanut yield and quality.
Relationship between Natural Dehydration of Peanut Varieties(Lines)and Meteorological Factors and Fruit Traits
XU Shengnan;WANG Tengjiao;CHEN Chongpeng;QI Jianuo;YIN Yechao;ZHANG Yu;DONG Jingchao;TAN yan;LI Xueying;YU Shutao;If not promptly dried after harvest,peanuts are highly susceptible to frost damage,which leading to negative effects on their quality.29 high oleic acid and 2 conventional peanut varieties(lines) were used as material in this study.Peanut pods were harvested and sun-dried in the field, with moisture content measured to investigate the variations in pod dehydration rates among different varieties.The relationship between dehydration rates and meteorological factors as well as fruit traits of peanuts was analyzed.Results indicated that the dehydration rates varied among peanut varieties as ranging from 2.07 %/d to6.29 %/d.Cluster analysis at a squared Euclidean distance of 7 divided the 31 varieties into four categories:extremely fast dehydration as 6.29 %/d,fast dehydration as(4.31 %-4.79%)/d,moderate dehydration as(3.41 %-4.12 %)/d,and slow dehydration as(2.07%-3.16%)/d.The dehydration rate of peanut pods was significantly correlated with most of the studied meteorological factors.Based on stepwise regression and path analysis,the daily minimum temperature,average humidity,and the daily minimum soil temperature were identified as the primary meteorological factors influencing the pod dehydration rate,exhibiting significant negative correlations.The pod dehydration rate showed a significant positive correlation with both 100-pod mass and 100-kernel mass.Research indicated that peanut varieties(lines) with good comprehensive fruit traits and rapid dehydration rate include 21 NC20,Jihua136, Jihua2912 and 15 H109.
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Identification and Evaluation of Continuous Cropping Tolerant Peanut Cultivars(Lines) and Correlation Analysis of Key Traits
ZHANG Xin-xin;MA Jun-qing;CHEN Na;PAN Li-juan;XU Jing;JIANG Xiao;YIN Xiang-zhen;ZHAO Xu-hong;LI Xue-ying;CHI Xiao-yuan;Re-planting problem has become a widespread issue constraining the sustainable development of the peanut industry.Therefore,systematic identification and evaluation of re-planting tolerant peanut cultivars,along with an indepth analysis of their correlations with key traits,are fundamental research urgently needed at present.In this study,15 peanut cultivars were planted in fields subjected to six,seven,and eight years of continuous cropping,respectively.Thirteen agronomic and yield-related traits were measured,and correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationships among these traits.The results revealed significant correlations exist between agronomic and yield traits.Four principal components were extracted from the 13 trait groups by principal component analysis,with a cumulative contribution rate of 80.31%.Membership function analysis identified the top three performing cultivars in the six-year continuous cropping field as Huayu917,Longhual0,and Huayu9116;in the seven-year continuous cropping field as Huayu9125,Huayu9112,and Huayu9116;and in the eight-year continuous cropping field as Huayu9112,Huayu33,and Huayu9121.Finally,through cluster analysis,four peanut cultivars with outstanding re-planting tolerance were comprehensively identified as Huayu9116,Huayu33,Huayu9121,and Huayu9112.Additionally,five cultivars with moderate re-planting tolerance were selected as Huayu9118,Huayu23,Huayu917,Huayu9125,and Huayu9117.Correlation analysis between cultivars and traits indicated that re-planting tolerant cultivars exhibit relatively stable yield and plant architecture traits.A theoretical basis for the selection and promotion of re-planting tolerant peanut cultivars are provided in this study.
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Identification of Bacillus paralicheniformis A1 and Control Effect of Its Compound Microbial Inoculant on Peanut Pod Rot
TAN Xin-miao;FENG Li-na;WANG Xiao-han;XING Dan-run;LI Dong-hai;SONG Ya-hui;SUN Wei-ming;HAN Hui-ling;To provide a control strategy against peanut pod rot during the peanut pod-bearing stage,The strains with biocontrol effect on peanut pod rot pathogen Fusarium neosporum were screened by confrontation test.The taxonomic status of the target strain was determined through the morphological observation,physiological and biochemical characterization,and whole-genome sequencing analysis, which was identified as Bacillus paralicheniformis A1.Subsequently,a powdered microbial inoculant containing Bacillus paralicheniformis A1,Bacillus subtilis NXO3,and Paenibacillus mucilaginosus GF32 a was prepared with a viable count of 5.0 × 108 CFU/g for field application.Results demonstrated that Bacillus paralicheniformis A1 exhibited a phosphate solubilization rate of 1.12%,the yield of γ-polyglutamic acid reached 3.1 g/L,and showed a 49.83% inhibition rate against Fusarium neosporum XL-3-5.In field trials conducted in eastern Hebei,the application of 600 kg/ha of powdered microbial inoculant Ⅰ before rainfall resulted in the plot plant incidence rate(PPIR) of 33.81 %,control efficacy of 57.58%,and rotten pod rate of 17.44% in experimental field 1.While in experimental field 2,the PPIR was 18.21 %,control efficacy reached51.85 %, and rotten pod rate was 9.71 %.The control efficacy in both fields was significantly higher than that of the conventional control(P<0.05).In trials in central-southern Hebei,the average pod yield of different peanut varieties in the conventional control group was 5,354.4 kg/ha,whereas the application of 675 kg/ha of powdered microbial inoculant Ⅱbefore rainfall increased the average pod yield of different peanut varieties to 6,595.05 kg/ha,corresponding to a significant average yield increase of 20.88%.These results indicate that applying the compound microbial inoculant of Bacillus paralicheniformis A1 at the early occurrence of peanut pod rot can effectively control the disease and increase peanut yield, which provides technical support for the prevention and control of peanut pod rot.
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Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Peanut Peptides Preparation Using Plackett-Burman Combined Response Surface Methodology and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant Activities
FENG Siyu;YU Lina;BI Jie;SONG Yu;GAO Yuan;WANG Luhui;JIANG Chen;DENG Xiangyuan;WANG Mingqing;In order to investigate the ultrasonic-assisted stepwise enzymatic hydrolysis of peanut protein isolate for the preparation of peanut peptides and evaluation of their antioxidant activities,single-factor experiment,steepest ascent experiment,and Plackett-Burman design were employed to screen four factors with significant effects(substrate concentration,enzyme dosage-Ⅰ.temperature,and enzyme dosage-Ⅱ).Subsequently,response surface methodology(RSM) based on Box-Behnken design was applied for further optimization.The results demonstrated that under the optimal conditions(substrate concentration as 2.91%,enzyme dosage-Ⅰ as 0.83%,temperature as 54℃,enzyme dosage-Ⅱ as 0.38%),the theoretical values of peanut peptide nitrogen content and zinc chelation rate were 23.07 mg/mL and 38.73%,respectively.The experimental validation values were(23.51±0.36) mg/mL and(38.25±0.24) %,respectively,with all deviations within 2%.These findings indicate that the Plackett-Burman design combined with response surface methodology can effectively achieve ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis for preparing peanut peptides with high zinc-chelating activity.Additionally,the IC50 values of peanut peptides for molybdenum reducing power,hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity,and ferrous ion chelating ability were all below 5.00 mg/mL.The IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging capacity,cupric ion chelating ability,and ferric reducing power were all under 8.50 mg/mL,while those for superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity and lipid peroxidation inhibition were 26.09 mg/mL and 31.57 mg/mL,respectively.Consequently,this study provides a theoretical foundation for the application of peanut peptides-derived zinc-chelating complexes with antioxidant activities.
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Screening and Evaluation of Drought Tolerance of Different Peanut Germplasms
YIN Yechao;CHEN Chongpeng;QI Jianuo;XU Shengnan;WANG Tengjiao;DONG Jingchao;ZHANG Yu;WANG Lifu;YU Shutao;To investigate the drought tolerance characteristics of different peanut germplasms,screen out the drought-tolerant germplasms,and establish evaluation criteria,25 peanut germplasms were utilized as materials in this experiment.The treatments of normal irrigation and drought stress were established in a rain-proof greenhouse, and the peanuts' photosynthetic characteristics,morphological indicators,and yield traits during the flowering and pegging stages were measured and analyzed, as well as a comprehensive drought resistance evaluation was conducted using principal component analysis,cluster analysis, membership functions,and the composite drought resistance coefficient(CDC).The results showed that drought stress significantly suppressed stomatal conductance and transpiration rates, while its effects on other photosynthetic parameters varied among germplasms.The average pod mass per plant decreased significantly for most germplasms, with agronomic traits exhibiting pronounced interspecific differences in response to drought stress.Principal component analysis optimized the original trait indicators into four new composite drought resistance indices,achieving a cumulative contribution rate of 81.65 %.Cluster analysis grouped the 25 peanut germplasms into three categories as drought-tolerant peanut materials(5 samples,20% of the total), moderately drought-tolerant peanut materials(11 samples,44% of the total),and drought-sensitive peanut materials(9 samples,36 % of the total).The research findings provide a material foundation and theoretical basis for the screening of drought-tolerant germplasm resources and the breeding of drought-resistant varieties.
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Relation of Microbial Population Dynamics and Nutrient in Soil of Continuous Cropping with Peanut
XU Ruifu, WANG Xiaolong(Henan Vocational Technical Teachers' College, Xinxiang 453003, China)This paper analyzed the microbial populations and nutrients in soil of continuous cropping with peanut. The results showed that with the increase in years of continuous cropping, fungi quantity increase, the number of bacteria count decreased obviously, and the R/S of microbe in soil of rhizosphere and bulk reduced. The hydrolysable N, as measured after one year of continuous cropping, exhibited a significant change. The contents of rapidly available K and P in soil, was found significantly positively related to the number of bacteria.
Industry Status,Existing Problems and Development Strategy of Peanut in China
TANG Song1,YU Shan-lin2,LIAO Bo-shou3,ZHANG Xin-you4,SUN Hai-yan1(1.National Agro-Tech Extension & Service Centre,Beijing 100125,China;2.Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;3.Oil Crops Research Institute,CAAS,Wuhan 430062,China;4.Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)Peanut is an important oil crop in China.It has high yield,good profit and large development potential.However,there are existing problems such as imbalance development among different areas,few government policy supporting,low mechanization and weak industry.Aiming at these problems,the paper presents some ideas and strategies for future development.
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The Advantage Analysis and Development of the Peanut Production of China
ZHANG Zhi-meng, HU Wen-guang, XU Ting-ting, GAO Xin-hua(Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China)As an important oil and industrial crop, and an important foreign exchange earning agricultural product in China, peanut occupies an important status in china's agricultural production. This paper analyzed the different stages of peanut production and the increasing trend of the export quantity and amount of peanut in china, and make a suggestion to developing peanut production. Situation of peanut production in main province is also discussed.
Safety Status and Development Strategy of Peanut in China
WAN Shu-bo~1, SHAN Shi-hua~2, LI Chun-juan~2, HU Wen-guang~2 (1.Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji'nan 250100, China; 2.Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China)Peanut is an important economic crop in China. However, peanut and it's products have been at serious safety status in recent years. Some problems such as annually increase of aflatoxin contamination, lack of high O/L ratio varieties used in export, and increase remnants of pesticide and pollution of heavy metal and so on, affected the development of peanut production significantly. To change peanut safety status and improve the competition of Chinese peanut in the world, this paper put forward some resolution to overcome the above problems, which will be helpful to face the coming challenge about peanut.
Effect of Continuous Cropping on Peanut Seedling Physiological Characteristics and Pod Yield
WU Zheng-feng~1,CHENG Bo~1,WANG Cai-bin~1,ZHENG Ya-ping~1,LIU Jun-hua~2,CHEN Dian-xu~1,GAO Xin-hua~3(1.Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;2.Binzhou university,Binzhou 256600,China;3.Shandong Fruit Research Institute,Taian 271000,China)Effect of continuous cropping on peanut seedling physiological characteristics and pod yield was conducted with pool trial.The result showed: Continuous cropping significantly decreased the dry weight of peanut plant and increased the translocation of dry material to root.Continuous cropping decreased the leaf area,photosynthesis rate and chlorophyll content;Continuous cropping decreased P and K content in peanut vegetative part,but have little effect on its allocation in peanut vegetative part.When peanut was continuous cropped,its main stem height,the number of pods per plant and pod yield all decreased.Abundant P,K fertilization will be very important for peanut relieving from the effect of continuous cropping.
Application Situation and Developing Analysis on Peanut Shelling Machinery
LI Jian-dong,SHANG Shu-qi,LI Xi-zhen,WANG Yan-yao,LIAN Zheng-guo(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Laiyang Agri.Uni.,Qingdao 266109,China)With investigation and collection of the information of peanut sheller,the types and characteristics of the peanut sheller were briefly introduced in this paper.Based on principle and processing of the peanut sheller,it was discussed also that the advantages and the insufficiencies of every kind of peanut sheller on working principal,peculiarity of framework,power assembling,targets of performance,adaptable conditions and so on,while expounded the main problems of peanut sheller at present.Guided by market forces and the production requirement,the proposals and countermeasure have been made for accelerating the development of the peanut sheller in China.It could be provided a basis for developing and studying the peanut sheller.
Exploitation and Utility of Peanut Protein
ZHANG Yu-hao,WANG Qiang(Agriculture Produce Proceeding Researching Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100094,China)This article discussed the necessity of utility of peanut protein;evaluated the present situation of utility of peanut protein and introduced some kinds of technique of producing peanut protein;the deep-processed productions of peanut protein,especially biologic active peptide of peanut,were viewed.
Industry Status,Existing Problems and Development Strategy of Peanut in China
TANG Song1,YU Shan-lin2,LIAO Bo-shou3,ZHANG Xin-you4,SUN Hai-yan1(1.National Agro-Tech Extension & Service Centre,Beijing 100125,China;2.Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;3.Oil Crops Research Institute,CAAS,Wuhan 430062,China;4.Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)Peanut is an important oil crop in China.It has high yield,good profit and large development potential.However,there are existing problems such as imbalance development among different areas,few government policy supporting,low mechanization and weak industry.Aiming at these problems,the paper presents some ideas and strategies for future development.
[Downloads: 1,421 ] [Citations: 154 ] [Reads: 91 ] HTML PDF Cite this article
The Advantage Analysis and Development of the Peanut Production of China
ZHANG Zhi-meng, HU Wen-guang, XU Ting-ting, GAO Xin-hua(Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China)As an important oil and industrial crop, and an important foreign exchange earning agricultural product in China, peanut occupies an important status in china's agricultural production. This paper analyzed the different stages of peanut production and the increasing trend of the export quantity and amount of peanut in china, and make a suggestion to developing peanut production. Situation of peanut production in main province is also discussed.
Study on the Law of Nutrient Variation in Peanut Sprouts during Germination
WANG Na;LI Na;YU Qiu-ying;NING Can-can;WANG Lu-yao;LI Zheng-bang;REN Hong-tao;In the paper, the pattern of changes that the basic nutrients(water, protein, fat, and soluble sugars, free amino acids) and active ingredients(polyphenols, resveratrol, and proanthocyanidins) were studied during the peanut sprouting period. The results showed that the water content of peanut in the sprouts increased continuously in 0-9 days, and the protein was basically maintained at the original level; fat content reduced by 44%; soluble sugars increased by 70%; free amino acids increased by 212%; polyphenols increased by 34%; resveratrol content increased by 45%; proanthocyanidin content slightly decreased. Except for moisture, the essential nutrients contents were mostly down-regulated, while the active ingredient contents were mostly up-regulated during the germination process. The active ingredient contents of post-germination peanut are all with high advantage and can be used as a reference for further development and utilization.