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Transcriptome Analysis of Response to Low Temperature Stress in Peanut
LIU Yulong;HU Rong;YUAN Cuiling;YU Shutao;MIAO Haocui;SUN Quanxi;SHAN Shihua;Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed and economic crop, yet its tolerance to low temperature is relatively limited. Low-temperature stress severely impairs seedling survival, growth, development, and final fruit yield. Thus, the identification of cold-tolerance genes is crucial for safeguarding production and facilitating breeding improvement. In this study, transcriptome sequencing was performed with the cultivar Huayu6316 to analyze gene expression profiles at 0 h and 2 h under low-temperature stress. A total of 3,806 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were identified in response to the stress. The majority of these DEGs were significantly enriched in conserved pathways, including photosynthesis, active oxygen metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, hormone signal transduction, and notably, the circadian clock pathway. Importantly, the involvement of the circadian clock pathway in the early response to low-temperature stress was revealed in this study. The rapid upregulation of its core genes suggested that the circadian system was deeply engaged in low-temperature signal perception and the coordinated construction of regulatory networks, offering a new theoretical perspective for understanding the cold-tolerance mechanisms in crops. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR) validation of 21 key DEGs from various pathways led to the identification of several promising cold-tolerance candidate genes, including Ah14g358300, Ah14g142600, Ah09g008300, Ah03g413700, and Ah09g196000. This study provided a theoretical foundation for further exploration of cold-tolerance genes, elucidation of their underlying mechanisms, and breeding improvement.
Cloning and Preliminary Functional Analysis of AhRabF1 in Peanut
HU Weidong;GUAN Shuyan;ZHU Lifei;CHENG Jing;ZHANG Chushu;WANG Mian;ZHOU Haixiang;CAO Shining;ZHANG Jiancheng;TANG Yueyi;To explore the molecular mechanism of AhRabF1 gene regulating peanut resistance to early leaf spot disease, the peanut AhRabF1 gene was cloned in this study, and its complete coding region(CDS) was obtained, consisting of 603 base pairs(bp), encoding 200 amino acids with a protein molecular weight(MW) of 21.0 kDa and an isoelectric point(pI) of 6.16. Notably, no transmembrane structure was identified. Subcellular localization prediction results showed that the protein is hydrophilic and predominantly located in the cytoplasm. The expression pattern of this gene was analyzed using qRT-PCR, revealing that the gene exhibited the highest expression abundance in leaves. Furthermore, its expression level was higher in disease-resistant peanut materials than that in susceptible ones. Following infection by the pathogen, the expression of AhRabF1 initially increased and then decreased, reaching peak on the 9th day of post-inoculation(DPI). To further elucidate the role of AhRabF1 in response to early leaf spot disease, virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) was employed to inhibit the gene expression in the disease-resistant material U1. The results indicated that the expression level of AhRabF1 in the leaves of gene-silenced plants was lower than that in the control group, ranging from 0.26 to 0.82 times the expression level of the control. Moreover, following pathogen inoculation, the disease resistance of the gene-silenced plants was significantly diminished. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the AhRabF1 gene may play role in peanut resistance to early leaf spot disease.
Effects of Different Soil Amendments on Bacterial Community in Rhizosphere Soil and Yield of Peanut in Saline-Alkali Land
DING Hong;ZHANG Zhimeng;XU Yang;LIU Kaichang;The effects of four soil amendments(biochar, bio-organic fertilizer, gypsum, and silicon calcium fertilizer) on the yield traits, yield, and rhizosphere soil bacterial community of peanut in saline-alkali land were studied under field condition, and the treatment without amendment was used as the control(CK). The results showed that, compared with CK, the application of bio-organic fertilizer significantly increased the soil organic matter and available phosphorus content in saline-alkali peanut field, while the application of gypsum and silicon calcium fertilizer increased the soil available potassium content. Both biochar and bio-organic fertilizer treatments significantly increased the pod number of double-kernels and full-kernels, total number of pods, and dry mass of pods per plant of peanut. The increase range of different amendments on peanut yield were by 5.48%, 3.30%, 0.55% and 2.85%, respectively. Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota, Acidobacterota, Nitrososphaerota and Chloroflexota were the dominant bacterial phylum in the rhizosphere of peanut in saline-alkali soil, and different soil amendment treatments increased the abundance of Acidobacterota in the rhizosphere. Under different soil amendment treatments in saline-alkali soil, the abundance of dominant bacterial functional genes involved in bacterial quorum sensing, ABC transporter, and aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis in the rhizosphere bacterial community were increased. It is speculated that these pathways may help improve the salt tolerance of peanut. Considering the comprehensive characteristics of peanut yield and rhizosphere bacterial community, biochar was identified as an appropriate soil amendment for peanut production in saline-alkali soil under the condition of this experiment. This study provides a theoretical basis for peanut production in saline-alkali soil.
Relationship between Natural Dehydration of Peanut Varieties(Lines) and Meteorological Factors and Fruit Traits
XU Shengnan;WANG Tengjiao;CHEN Chongpeng;QI Jianuo;YIN Yechao;ZHANG Yu;DONG Jingchao;TAN yan;LI Xueying;YU Shutao;Institute of Sandy Land Management and Utilization of Liaoning;If not promptly dried after harvest, peanuts are highly susceptible to frost damage, which leading to negative effects on their quality. 29 high oleic acid and 2 conventional peanut varieties(lines) were used as material in this study. Peanut pods were harvested and sun-dried in the field, with moisture content measured to investigate the variations in pod dehydration rates among different varieties. The relationship between dehydration rates and meteorological factors as well as fruit traits of peanuts was analyzed. Results indicated that the dehydration rates varied among peanut varieties as ranging from 2.07%/d to 6.29%/d. Cluster analysis at a squared Euclidean distance of 7 divided the 31 varieties into four categories: extremely fast dehydration as 6.29%/d, fast dehydration as(4.31%-4.79%)/d, moderate dehydration as(3.41%-4.12%)/d, and slow dehydration as(2.07%-3.16%)/d. The dehydration rate of peanut pods was significantly correlated with most of the studied meteorological factors. Based on stepwise regression and path analysis, the daily minimum temperature, average humidity, and the daily minimum soil temperature were identified as the primary meteorological factors influencing the pod dehydration rate, exhibiting significant negative correlations. The pod dehydration rate showed a significant positive correlation with both 100-pod mass and 100-kernel mass. Research indicated that peanut varieties(lines) with good comprehensive fruit traits and rapid dehydration rate include 21NC20, Jihua136, Jihua2912 and 15H109.
Effects of Intercropping with Sugarcane on the Crude Fat and Fatty Acid Contents of High Oleic Acid Peanuts
LI Boyin;LIAO Guoting;GAO Zhongkui;HUANG Zhipeng;TANG Xiumei;WU Haining;JIANG Jing;HAN Zhuqiang;TANG Ronghua;HE Liangqiong;Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Lab;In order to explore the effects of sugarcane-peanut intercropping on the quality of high oleic acid peanuts, six high oleic acid peanut varieties(lines) were selected, and two planting modes as peanut intercropping with sugarcane(IP) and peanut monoculture(MP) were set up. The crude fat and fatty acid contents of peanut kernels were measured at four different stages(110 to 140 days) of pod ripening under the two planting modes. And the effects of intercropping with sugarcane conditions on crude fat and fatty acids of high oleic acid peanuts were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) The fat content of all varieties showed a significantly lower level under intercropping compared to monocropping. 2) The variations in fatty acid composition among different varieties showed slight differences. On the whole, under intercropping conditions, the contents of palmitic acid and linoleic acid increased, while the levels of arachidonic acid, behenic acid, and tetracosene decreased. The content of oleic acid remained stable with no significant differences. In summary, under intercropping conditions, the fat content of high oleic acid peanuts is lower than that under monoculture. The oleic acid content is relatively stable and less affected by planting mode.
Screening of Peanut Germplasms Tolerant to Low Calcium
LIANG Qi;WU Gongming;GAO Sheng;LUO Zinan;LI Lin;LIU Dengwang;YANG Zemao;ZENG Ningbo;Peanut is a calcium-preferring crop,and calcium deficiency is common in acidic soils,which severely affects the yield and quality of peanut.Breeding low-calcium-tolerant peanut varieties is an economic and efficient solution.In this study,170 peanut germplasms from domestic and foreign sources were used as experimental materials.A field experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications in acidic low-calcium soil(pH 5.6,exchangeable calcium 3.9 cmol/kg) located in Liuyang City,Hunan Province,and the calcium oxide(CaO) was adopted as the calcium source.Two treatments were set up as:low calcium treatment(0 kg/ha) and normal calcium treatment(750 kg/ha).Twenty-five key traits,including plant morphology,physiological characteristics,yield components,and nutritional quality were determined from the seedling stage to the mature stage.Through correlation analysis,principal component analysis(PCA),cluster analysis,and comprehensive evaluation,it was aimed in this study to provide high-quality germplasm resources for the improvement of low-calcium-tolerant peanut varieties.The results are summarized as follows:(1)Correlation analysis showed that the low-calcium tolerance coefficient of pod yield per plant was extremely significantly and positively correlated with the low-calcium tolerance coefficients of full pod number per plant and total pod number per plant.(2)Principal component analysis revealed that 16 evaluation indices of low-calcium tolerance coefficients were reduced to 5 principal components,with a cumulative contribution rate of 77.21%.Based on the analysis of the contribution rate and eigenvector of each principal component,it was found that full kernel mass ratio,kernel-fruit ratio,100-pod mass,and total pod number per plant are the core factors influencing yield formation,while oil content is the key trait determining the quality.(3)The results of cluster analysis and comprehensive evaluation indicated that the 170 peanut germplasm resources were divided to 5 categories by 16 indicators through cluster analysis,and 20 peanut germplasm resources with excellent comprehensive traits were screened out.According to the D value,the resources were classified into 5 grades,resulting in the selection of 12 peanut germplasm resources with better low-calcium tolerance.
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Effects of Calcium Application on Calcium Absorption and Utilization in High-Yield Peanut Cultivars with Different Seed Types
GAO Sheng;YIN Jianhui;YANG Zhixiang;TANG Daojian;WU Gongming;LIANG Qi;LIU Dengwang;YANG Zemao;LI Lin;Peanut is a typical calcium-preferring crop,and the widespread calcium deficiency in acidic red soils of southern China often results in empty and shriveled pods,thereby reducing yield.The calcium requirements of different seed-type highyield peanut varieties was investigated in this study to explore the customized fertilization strategies.Using Xianghei xiaoguo(V1),a popular edible-purpose small-seed peanut variety in Hunan,and Xianghua522(V2),a large-seed oil-purpose peanut variety,as test materials,a pot experiment was conducted under typical acidic and low-calcium red soil conditions(pH 5.27,soil exchangeable Ca 700 mg/kg),with calcium oxide as the fertilizer source.Three calcium oxide application levels were established as 0 kg/ha(Ca0),750 kg/ha(Ca50),and 1,125 kg/ha(Ca75),representing low(soil background),medium,and high calcium levels,respectively.Plant calcium accumulation,distribution,and utilization were assessed at key growth stages of the peanuts.The leaf calcium content(5.89—15.01 mg/g) and calcium distribution rate(69.89%—78.38 %) of V1 were significantly higher than those of V2(3.36—11.09 mg/g and 60.11 %—73.02%,respectively) throughout the whole growth period,and the calcium accumulation in leaves and the whole plant were also significantly higher than those of V2 after the pegging stage;the apparent utilization efficiency of calcium fertilizer(12.21%) was significantly higher than that of V2(8.85%).In contrast,under calcium application,the calcium distribution rate in shells(3.47%—6.87%),calcium accumulation in kernels(1.44—12.45 mg/plant),and calcium distribution rate in kernels(0.83%—4.84%) of V2 were significantly higher than those of V1(1.62%—5.00 %,0.88—8.05 mg/plant,and 0.43%—2.55%,respectively)throughout the whole growth period.Additionally,V2 exhibited significantly higher calcium pod production efficiency(142.65 g/g) and calcium pod harvest index(17.04%) than V1(86.82 g/g and 11.09 %).In terms of the effects of calcium application,it increased the calcium kernel production efficiency of V2,with the medium calcium treatment significantly increasing it by 20.62%,while V1 showed no significant change.The promoting effects on kernel calcium accumulation and distribution rate at the maturity stage were both greater for V2 than for V1,with kernel calcium accumulation and distribution rate increasing by 159.7 % and 101.3 % for V2,respectively,and 81.7% and 18.9% for V1,respectively.The decrease in the apparent utilization efficiency of calcium fertilizer with increasing calcium application rate was smaller for V2 than for V1.In summary,the two varieties differed in their calcium absorption and utilization strategies,but the difference in whole-plant calcium accumulation of both varieties between the medium and high calcium treatments was consistently small in this experiment,and the medium calcium treatment showed superior calcium utilization efficiency.Therefore,from an economic and efficiency standpoint,a calcium fertilizer application rate of 750 kg/ha is recommended for both varieties in the southern acidic and low-calcium red soil region of China.
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The Effect of Layered Fertilization on Nutrient Absorption and Utilization of Peanut
ZHOU Chen;CHI Haorui;JI Wenxuan;ZHANG Caijun;SI Tong;ZOU Xiaoxia;Investigating the effects of layered fertilization on nutrient uptake and utilization of peanut can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing layered fertilization strategies and improving nutrient use efficiency.In this study,the commonly used conventional rotary tillage fertilization was adopted as the control(CK).Two layered fertilization modes,including a twolayer fertilization mode(10 and 25 cm) and a three-layer fertilization mode(10,15 and 25 cm),were established under the conventional fertilizer rate and a 10% reduced fertilizer rate,resulting in four treatments:two-layer fertilization without fertilizer reduction(T1),two-layer fertilization with a 10 % fertilizer reduction(T2),three-layer fertilization without fertilizer reduction(T3),and three-layer fertilization with a 10 % fertilizer reduction(T4).In the two-layer fertilization treatments,fertilizer was applied at a ratio of 1(10 cm):4(25 cm) to the two soil layers,whereas in the three-layer fertilization treatments,fertilizer was applied at a ratio of 1(10 cm):2(15 cm):2(25 cm) to the three soil layers.Dry matter accumulation,as well as the contents of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),and calcium(Ca) at major growth stages of peanut,were determined to evaluate the effects of layered fertilization on nutrient uptake and utilization.The results showed that,with the progression of plant growth,nutrient contents in vegetative organs such as stems,leaves,and roots of peanut first increased and then decreased,whereas nutrient content in shells gradually declined,which may be associated with the translocation of nutrients from shells to kernels.Compared with CK,kernel contents of N,P,K,and Ca at harvest stage were significantly higher under T1 and T3 treatments,with the greatest increases observed under T3,reaching 6.25%,30.58%,12.22%,and 5.48%,respectively.In addition,under T3 treatment,nutrient accumulation in stems,leaves,pegs,and pods at harvest stage was significantly higher than that in CK,and the total plant accumulation of N,P,K,and Ca increased significantly by 27.12%,56.44%,20.18%,and 17.06%,respectively.Under the same layered fertilization pattern,plant nutrient accumulation tended to decrease with reduced fertilizer application;however,total N and P accumulation in plant at harvest stage under T2 and T4 treatments remained significantly higher than that of CK,with increases of 13.60%-13.68% and 11.19%-21.42%,respectively.For all treatments,pods accounted for the highest proportion of N,P,and K accumulation,while Ca was mainly accumulated in leaves.Layered fertilization increased the allocation proportions of N and K to pods while reducing those in leaves,thereby promoting nutrient translocation to pods and laying a foundation for yield formation.Compared with CK,pod and kernel yields under layered fertilization treatments were significantly increased by 13.61%-23.08% and 16.20%-27.99 %,respectively.In conclusion,layered fertilization can improve nutrient content and accumulation in peanut plants.Considering both peanut yield and field mechanization efficiency,the two-layer fertilization mode is recommended for practical production.
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Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Peanut Seedlings and Roots under Salt Stress
WANG Jiaxin;HU Guoqing;WAN Yongshan;LIU Fengzhen;ZHANG Kun;LIU Zhaoxin;DONG Yuanjie;In order to explore the alleviation effects of exogenous melatonin(MT) on the growth of peanut seedlings and their roots under different salt concentration stress,the peanut cultivar Shanhua9 was taken as the test material,and five treatments were set up by nutrient solution culture method:CK(1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution);T1(1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution+150 mmol/L NaCl);T2(1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution+200 mmol/L NaCl);T3(1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution+ 150 mmol/L NaCl+15 μmol/L MT);T4(1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution+ 200 mmol/L NaCl+15 μmol/L MT).The growth,root activity,photosynthetic pigments,antioxidant system,osmotic adjustment substances and electrical conductivity of seedlings under different treatments were determined,and the correlation analysis between seedling growth and physiological indices was conducted to study the effects of exogenous MT on the growth and physiological characteristics of peanut seedlings under salt stress.The results showed that the application of exogenous MT significantly improved the growth and physiological indices of peanut seedlings under salt stress and effectively relieved the inhibitory effect of salt stress on peanut seedling growth.Among which, the MT exhibited stronger alleviating effect under high salt stress:Compared with T2,the plant height increased by 10.7%,fresh mass increased by 11.4%,root activity increased by 27.85%,chlorophyll a content increased by 19.58%.SOD activity increased by 21.97 %,while hydrogen peroxide content decreased by 17.13 % and the soluble protein content increased by 28.01% under T4 treatment.In conclusion,the exogenous MT can enhance the salt tolerance of peanut seedlings by increasing the content of photosynthetic pigments to improve photosynthetic performance,regulating the activity of the antioxidant system and reducingthe accumulation of reactive oxygen species to alleviate oxidative stress,and optimizing osmotic adjustment metabolism to relieve osmotic damage.Moreover,the stress alleviating effects of exogenous MT on peanut growth was better under the 200 mmol/L NaCl condition.
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Research on Water Absorption and Metabolic Responses of Peanut Seed Germination under Salt Stress
XU Yang;QIN Feifei;GUO Qing;ZHANG Zhimeng;DING Hong;In this study,physiological index determination and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) analysis methods were utilized to explore the primary water absorption patterns and the variation characteristics of differential metabolites in peanut seeds during germination under salt stress.Peanut seeds absorb water rapidly during germination,however,both the total water uptake and the absorption rate were significantly decreased after being inhibited by salt stress.The difference in the total water uptake between the salt treatment and the control was the greatest at 72 h,reaching21.71 %,and the rate of water absorption in the salt treatment group decreased the most at 3 h, by 11.58%.Principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis showed a distinct separation of metabolites between the salt-stressed group and the control group,indicating that salt stress exerts a significant impact on metabolism during peanut seed germination.VIP value analysis and KEGG pathway prediction revealed that L-glutamic acid was the most active differential metabolite,followed by L-glutamine,L-aspartic acid,and glucose-1-phosphate.These metabolites are primarily involved in diverse metabolic processes such as amino acid metabolism,carbon-nitrogen metabolism,lipid metabolism,and glucose metabolism.Additionally,key stress-responsive metabolic pathways,including secondary metabolite biosynthesis,flavonoid biosynthesis,purine metabolism,and ABC transporter pathways,exhibited significant enrichment of differential metabolites,which may play a vital role in peanut seed germination under salt stress.In summary,during the early germination stage under salt stress,peanut seeds may enhance their salt tolerance by activating metabolic pathways such as secondary metabolite biosynthesis,purine metabolism,and ABC transporter pathways,thereby adapting to external salt stress.Among these,L-glutamic acid is likely to act as a key regulatory factor enabling peanut seeds to adapt to salt stress during germination.
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Relation of Microbial Population Dynamics and Nutrient in Soil of Continuous Cropping with Peanut
XU Ruifu, WANG Xiaolong(Henan Vocational Technical Teachers' College, Xinxiang 453003, China)This paper analyzed the microbial populations and nutrients in soil of continuous cropping with peanut. The results showed that with the increase in years of continuous cropping, fungi quantity increase, the number of bacteria count decreased obviously, and the R/S of microbe in soil of rhizosphere and bulk reduced. The hydrolysable N, as measured after one year of continuous cropping, exhibited a significant change. The contents of rapidly available K and P in soil, was found significantly positively related to the number of bacteria.
Industry Status,Existing Problems and Development Strategy of Peanut in China
TANG Song1,YU Shan-lin2,LIAO Bo-shou3,ZHANG Xin-you4,SUN Hai-yan1(1.National Agro-Tech Extension & Service Centre,Beijing 100125,China;2.Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;3.Oil Crops Research Institute,CAAS,Wuhan 430062,China;4.Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)Peanut is an important oil crop in China.It has high yield,good profit and large development potential.However,there are existing problems such as imbalance development among different areas,few government policy supporting,low mechanization and weak industry.Aiming at these problems,the paper presents some ideas and strategies for future development.
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The Advantage Analysis and Development of the Peanut Production of China
ZHANG Zhi-meng, HU Wen-guang, XU Ting-ting, GAO Xin-hua(Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China)As an important oil and industrial crop, and an important foreign exchange earning agricultural product in China, peanut occupies an important status in china's agricultural production. This paper analyzed the different stages of peanut production and the increasing trend of the export quantity and amount of peanut in china, and make a suggestion to developing peanut production. Situation of peanut production in main province is also discussed.
Safety Status and Development Strategy of Peanut in China
WAN Shu-bo~1, SHAN Shi-hua~2, LI Chun-juan~2, HU Wen-guang~2 (1.Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji'nan 250100, China; 2.Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China)Peanut is an important economic crop in China. However, peanut and it's products have been at serious safety status in recent years. Some problems such as annually increase of aflatoxin contamination, lack of high O/L ratio varieties used in export, and increase remnants of pesticide and pollution of heavy metal and so on, affected the development of peanut production significantly. To change peanut safety status and improve the competition of Chinese peanut in the world, this paper put forward some resolution to overcome the above problems, which will be helpful to face the coming challenge about peanut.
Effect of Continuous Cropping on Peanut Seedling Physiological Characteristics and Pod Yield
WU Zheng-feng~1,CHENG Bo~1,WANG Cai-bin~1,ZHENG Ya-ping~1,LIU Jun-hua~2,CHEN Dian-xu~1,GAO Xin-hua~3(1.Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;2.Binzhou university,Binzhou 256600,China;3.Shandong Fruit Research Institute,Taian 271000,China)Effect of continuous cropping on peanut seedling physiological characteristics and pod yield was conducted with pool trial.The result showed: Continuous cropping significantly decreased the dry weight of peanut plant and increased the translocation of dry material to root.Continuous cropping decreased the leaf area,photosynthesis rate and chlorophyll content;Continuous cropping decreased P and K content in peanut vegetative part,but have little effect on its allocation in peanut vegetative part.When peanut was continuous cropped,its main stem height,the number of pods per plant and pod yield all decreased.Abundant P,K fertilization will be very important for peanut relieving from the effect of continuous cropping.
Application Situation and Developing Analysis on Peanut Shelling Machinery
LI Jian-dong,SHANG Shu-qi,LI Xi-zhen,WANG Yan-yao,LIAN Zheng-guo(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Laiyang Agri.Uni.,Qingdao 266109,China)With investigation and collection of the information of peanut sheller,the types and characteristics of the peanut sheller were briefly introduced in this paper.Based on principle and processing of the peanut sheller,it was discussed also that the advantages and the insufficiencies of every kind of peanut sheller on working principal,peculiarity of framework,power assembling,targets of performance,adaptable conditions and so on,while expounded the main problems of peanut sheller at present.Guided by market forces and the production requirement,the proposals and countermeasure have been made for accelerating the development of the peanut sheller in China.It could be provided a basis for developing and studying the peanut sheller.
Exploitation and Utility of Peanut Protein
ZHANG Yu-hao,WANG Qiang(Agriculture Produce Proceeding Researching Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100094,China)This article discussed the necessity of utility of peanut protein;evaluated the present situation of utility of peanut protein and introduced some kinds of technique of producing peanut protein;the deep-processed productions of peanut protein,especially biologic active peptide of peanut,were viewed.
Industry Status,Existing Problems and Development Strategy of Peanut in China
TANG Song1,YU Shan-lin2,LIAO Bo-shou3,ZHANG Xin-you4,SUN Hai-yan1(1.National Agro-Tech Extension & Service Centre,Beijing 100125,China;2.Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;3.Oil Crops Research Institute,CAAS,Wuhan 430062,China;4.Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)Peanut is an important oil crop in China.It has high yield,good profit and large development potential.However,there are existing problems such as imbalance development among different areas,few government policy supporting,low mechanization and weak industry.Aiming at these problems,the paper presents some ideas and strategies for future development.
[Downloads: 1,424 ] [Citations: 155 ] [Reads: 132 ] HTML PDF Cite this article
The Advantage Analysis and Development of the Peanut Production of China
ZHANG Zhi-meng, HU Wen-guang, XU Ting-ting, GAO Xin-hua(Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China)As an important oil and industrial crop, and an important foreign exchange earning agricultural product in China, peanut occupies an important status in china's agricultural production. This paper analyzed the different stages of peanut production and the increasing trend of the export quantity and amount of peanut in china, and make a suggestion to developing peanut production. Situation of peanut production in main province is also discussed.
Study on the Law of Nutrient Variation in Peanut Sprouts during Germination
WANG Na;LI Na;YU Qiu-ying;NING Can-can;WANG Lu-yao;LI Zheng-bang;REN Hong-tao;In the paper, the pattern of changes that the basic nutrients(water, protein, fat, and soluble sugars, free amino acids) and active ingredients(polyphenols, resveratrol, and proanthocyanidins) were studied during the peanut sprouting period. The results showed that the water content of peanut in the sprouts increased continuously in 0-9 days, and the protein was basically maintained at the original level; fat content reduced by 44%; soluble sugars increased by 70%; free amino acids increased by 212%; polyphenols increased by 34%; resveratrol content increased by 45%; proanthocyanidin content slightly decreased. Except for moisture, the essential nutrients contents were mostly down-regulated, while the active ingredient contents were mostly up-regulated during the germination process. The active ingredient contents of post-germination peanut are all with high advantage and can be used as a reference for further development and utilization.